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B. HARDINGE.

1 Apparatus for DisgqlyingQSilica. v

: V Patented May8, 1855.

Nv PETERS, PhohrLilll-wgmpbar, Waninglon. D. C.

J E 'Q CEA,

EN AMIN ARDINGE on W YoRK, N. r,

dApparatus for tes of soda, and olding the silex queous soluti'on as h -other substances clare that the folpos1t1on) ltothe hrough a colda t g i of steam and h i y 'licious globules as n as solution begins take placeyeasing ressure from the i s ty valve, "aving waste hydrous rsillcates whic through said pipe inltheform of minutecapa hile the dissolving process is going on.

ntothelower end of thevertical shaft-pipe,

"the heated steam in a circuitous direc- (among the lower heavy, strata) thus rticular point in thebottom of the boiler,

nia ontra direction from theturning of i isythe best shaped bottom to move the mass e accompanying letters of refa steam heated:

almost an impalpable powder, If the soda ontinually,

a ipe leading 1 y( lg he "upper strata P ss iles, and applying the same to use in making plasticfimassesFof coarser lands,

h mture of invention also consists whatjI have named a horn-pipe brazednd'crooked backward and upward, jetting minating the heated steam away from reventing the destruction of theboiler, o easingwresistance by the jet being.

ill proceed to deo V -NG SILIGAH,

lmown fact an a is strongersecon'dly; it

ijaroundin by the scraper;andfthirdly; the i japexof thecone being cut off near the top affords aastrong support and bearing to the upright shaft-pipe, 4, which turns also in? thebrass coupling box-3. This boiler,vA being o'therwise provided with gageco'cks and man-hole in the usual manner is set in acommon furnace in its vertical position. 1 I proceed to put in my batch of silicates of ;the cheapest of any of thesolvent salts say soda ash 500 lbs, mixed with half a ton of the snowwvhite sand (of Berkshire Massa chusetts) and ignite the same to a perfect fiux in pots which I have made for that purpose with a common open top; and the same as are used for making the commonest "green glass. These, and similarsilieates I grind in What is termed- Borgarduss mill) to ash is concentrated, a much less quantity is required; Iput this or other similar substancesto be dissolved into the manhole B, immediately adding its proportion of four parts water 'which should be filled several inches aboveth'e entrance of pipe, G, neal" thegagecook, a; Thispipe, C, is coiled in J layers nearly fitting the inside of furnace D,

and containing about sixty feet of coiled ,pipe, which is coated inside with what I {term my kaolin cream made up of kaolin liquor of flints and other substances (not the subject of this patent claim) fusedon in:

{ side and outside; only on the outside I introduce a copious addition of white fine sand and let it frit among kaolin cream in the fusion; this is to preventthe pipe, C, from destruction by fire and oxidation. All being now ready and the pipe C, also filled with the water from boiler, A, up to its common level, a woodfire is fed in among the coiled pipe, C, by the door, 2, of furnace D. The 1 fire is at the same time carried under boiler A, by the flue g. The ,mass is soon heated to the boiling point; there is a smoke pipe,

11, also to furnace D. The advantages of myidouble process of heating are now realized; together with the advantage of my relief ,pipe, 17, with its stop cock, 18. This pipe" being attached to the. upper part of boiler A, is conducted into and coiled down through the cold-water tank Fig. 2, and out 1 into and among the plastic mass in a suitable reservoir, to be worked in the mixing trough, with beach-pebbles and angular quartz interspersed with mica, ferruginous and argillo-calcareous carbonates of lime, &c. &c, first roasted and ground for the purpose and worked by a process which is not the subject of the present application for a patent.

.The tank, Fig. 2, is constantly being sup: plied (during the operations) with cold water by the pipe 03, from any common source most convenient; it has a stop cock down near the bench, e. at the opposite side of the tank Fig 2, to carry off the hot water, inserted just below the level of neck of pipe, (Z, while the latter pipe, d, reproduces the cold water, as aforesaid, conducting down low in the tank. The

horn pipe E, and scraper F, being fastened together and all secured to the rotary shaftpipe, 4, are turned by a belt around pulley, 13, by a one and a half horse power of steam, or any other power. The scraper, F, is indispensably necessary to prevent the hot silicated hydrates from adhering to boiler A in an immovable mass and destroy the boiler; whereas by this arrangement there is not the least danger of such an event. There is a grate and ash-pit, 12, in furnace, D, There is a cock, 18, which projects through the mason-work into the boiler, A, near the bottom to draw off the siliceous liquor, when the operation shall have been completed. There is a stop cock, 7, in pipe, C. There is a common safety valve, 8, at the top of boiler A. There are three bearings and sup ports to the rotary shaft-pipe, 1, viz, bearer, l4, and 3, upon which the brass coupling box rests; also a collar and set screw, 15, at the top of boiler A." The other is by plugging the lower end of the rotary shaft-pipe, 4,

There is a waste pip f,

forming a case hardened steel gudgeon, 5, which turns easily (without any pressure downward) in a step secured on the inside of the bottom of boiler A,a precaution which will at once be obvious.

By this combined apparatus, as above described, two men will easily turn out forty hogsheads of liquor of flin ts per week as clear as any solid crystal, varying the thick ness and consistency of the different batches according to the various purposes desired.

I do not claim in the present application to have discovered any new solvent principle for silex either by the above named alkaline salts or steam under high pressure, as these facts have long since been known to chemists.

I do not claim the heating the steam in coiled pipe and thereby forcing it to the bottom of the boiler A.

I do not claim any originality of structure of the furnace or the manner of setting the boiler with its man-hole or gage cock.

I do not claim as original with myself the structure of the cold water tank itself.

I claim the filling the pipe, C, with the water from the upper stratum in boiler A, so constructed as to find its common level in pipe, C, in furnace D, from whence the heated steam is forced over and down into the under-stratum of the heavy silicates, by the horn-pipe E, while the steam pressure is relieved from the surface by my relief pipe, 17, which coils through the tank Fig. 2, of cold water for the purposes described.

BENJAMIN HARDINGE.

Witnesses VVAsH. R. NICHOLS, C. T. GREENE.

[Fmsr PRINTED 1913.] 

